Photo: Henri Manuel, Public domain — Source
Polish-born physicist and chemist who became the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and remains the only person to win Nobel Prizes in two different sciences — Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911). Her pioneering research on radioactivity, a term she coined, led to the discovery of polonium and radium. She developed mobile X-ray units during World War I and founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and Warsaw. Her work laid the groundwork for nuclear physics and cancer treatment, though prolonged radiation exposure ultimately caused her death.
Source: Nobel Prize